Why Does My Hard Disk Continue to Read Ans Write When the Computer Is Idol

Storage Devices

What is a storage device?

Storage devices are the reckoner hardware used to remember/store data.

There are many types of storage devices, each with their own benefits and drawbacks.

Below are explanations most dissimilar storage devices.

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Our Cloud Calculating page explains all about the benefits and drawbacks of using the cloud for storage or services.

Our Data Storage Capacity folio explains all almost the various units of storage.

Hard disk drive (HDD)

What is a hard disk drive?

Hd drives are not-volatile magnetic storage devices capable of remembering vast amounts of data.

An electromagnet in the read/write head charges the disk'south surface with either a positive or negative charge, this is how binary ane or 0 is represented.

The read/write head is and then capable of detecting the magnetic charges left on the disk's surface, this is how data is read.

The deejay surface is divided into concentric circles (tracks) and sectors (wedges). Dividing the surface in this way provides concrete addresses to think where data is saved.

A circuit lath carefully co-ordinates the rotating disk and swinging actuator arm to allow the read/write caput to access any location very speedily.

Typical HDD capacities are measured in Terabytes (TB).

They can be installed inside a estimator or purchased in a portable (external) format.

Typical applications for hard disk drives

Desktop computers
Laptop computers
Television receiver and satellite recorders
Servers and mainframes
Portable (external) drives are sometimes used to backup domicile computers or transfer large files

Benefits of hard disk drives

Capable of holding vast amounts of data at affordable prices
Fast read and write speeds
Reliable technology
Relatively modest in size

Drawbacks of hd drives

Due to the nature of its moving parts, they will eventually clothing and break
Although very fast, waiting for the moving parts ways information technology will never perform as fast as solid state drives
More fragile and less robust than a solid state bulldoze
Higher power consumption than a SSD
Some racket is created by the moving parts

Solid State Drive (SSD)

What is a solid state drive?

Solid land drives are non-volatile storage devices capable of holding large amounts of data.

They apply NAND flash memories (millions of transistors wired in a series on a circuit board), giving them the advantage of having no mechanical moving parts and therefore immediate access to the information.

Solid land drives perform faster and so traditional hard disk drives, all the same they are significantly more expensive.

This expense means that typical capacities are usually measured in Gigabytes (GB).

They can be installed inside a computer or purchased in a portable (external) format.

Until nosotros achieve a point were large chapters SSDs are affordable, a compromise is to run two disk drives inside a computer. An SSD equally the primary drive for your important programs and operating organization, and a traditional HDD to store music, documents and pictures (which don't need the faster access times).

The lack of moving parts in an SSD makes it very robust and reliable, ideal for a portable device.

Typical applications for solid state drives

Smartphones
Tablet computers
High-cease laptops
Two bulldoze desktop solutions
Portable drives are sometimes used in HD video cameras

Benefits of solid state drives

Extremely fast read/write speeds
Small-scale in physical size and very low-cal, ideal for portable devices
No moving parts to wear, neglect or get damaged – ideal for making portable computers and devices more than reliable and durable
Uses less power than a HDD, increasing battery life time
Very quiet
Generates less heat

Drawbacks of solid state drives

Expensive to purchase (per GB)
Limited in chapters due to the expense
Limited corporeality of writes

Random Access Memory (RAM)

What is RAM?

RAM is a estimator'south principal retention. It is a very fast solid state storage medium that is directly accessible by the CPU.

Any open programs or files on a estimator are temporarily stored in RAM whilst being used.

Being volatile, any data stored in RAM will be lost when power is removed. This makes RAM totally unsuitable for the long term permanent storage of data – that is the office of a HDD or SSD instead.

Data is copied from secondary storage (HDD, SSD) to RAM every bit and when it is needed. This is because using a HDD as the primary memory would crusade a figurer to perform much slower (a HDD or SSD is not directly attainable to the CPU, and isn't as fast equally RAM).

RAM is a relatively expensive storage device and typical capacities are measured in Gigabytes (GB).

Computers operating with a chapters of RAM to a higher place the recommended minimum will benefit from better operation and multitasking.

At that place are two types of RAM (SRAM and DRAM), each with their ain advantages and disadvantages.

Typical applications of RAM

The fast and directly accessible temporary (working) memory needed past a computer

Benefits of RAM

Straight attainable to the CPU, making processing data faster
Fast solid state storage, making processing data faster

Drawbacks of RAM

Relatively expensive retentivity
Volatile – any data stored in RAM is lost when power is removed

Static RAM (SRAM)

Information on SRAM does non require refreshing.

However, the applied science is bulkier meaning less memory per chip.

More expensive than DRAM
Much faster than DRAM
Consumes less power
Commonly used in cache memory

Dynamic RAM (DRAM)

The most common type of RAM in use.

The information needs to exist continually refreshed otherwise it fades away.

Continually refreshing the information takes time and reduces performance speeds.

Cheaper than SRAM
Usually used in main memory

CD, DVD and Blu-Ray Discs

What are optical storage discs?

CD, DVD and Blu-Ray drives are optical storage devices.

Binary data is stored as changes to the texture of the disc'due south surface, sometimes thought of as microscopic pits and bumps.

These 'bumps' are located on a continuous spiral track, starting at the center of the disc.

Whilst the disc is rotating at a constant speed, a laser is pointed at the spiral track of 'bumps'.

The laser will reflect/bounce off the disc surface in different directions depending upon whether a i or 0 has been read.

Disc capacities

In the pursuit of larger optical storage capacities, DVDs were created, followed by Blu-Ray.

CD	DVD	Blu-Ray
700 MB	4.7 GB	25 GB – 128 GB

Typical applications for optical media

CD – Audio and small amounts of data
DVD – Standard definition movies and information
Blu-Ray – HD video and big amounts of data

DVD

Despite being the same physical size, a DVD can concord more information than a CD.

To achieve this, a more than tightly packed spiral rails is used to store the data on the disc.

To accurately access the smaller 'bumps', a effectively carmine laser is used in a DVD drive than that plant in a standard CD drive.

To increment chapters further, DVDs are likewise capable of dual layering.

Blu-Ray

Blu-Ray applied science squashes fifty-fifty more data into the same size disc as a CD or DVD.

The spiral information tracks on a Blu-Ray disc are so small a special blueish (violet) laser has to be used to read the 'bumps'.

Similar a DVD, Blu-Ray discs are capable of storing data on multiple layers.

Recordable Optical Media

CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, Blu-Ray-ROM

Read merely – the information is permanently written to the disc at the point of manufacture.

CD-R, DVD-R, BD-R

Recordable – blank discs that can be burnt (written to) once.

CD-RW, DVD-RW, BD-RE

Re-writable – blank discs that can be burnt (written to) over and over again (can exist erased and reused many times).

DVD-RAM

What is DVD-RAM?

DVD-RAM is an optical media storage device.

Information technology differs from a traditional DVD in that data is stored in concentric tracks (similar a HDD) which allows read and write operations to exist carried out at the same time.

This ways, for example, that when used in a personal video recorder you can record i television programme whilst watching a recording of another. This allows handy features such every bit 'time slip' to be possible.

When used within a CCTV system you could review footage whilst still recording your cameras.

The chapters of DVD-RAM is 4.7 GB, or 9.iv GB for double-sided discs.

Typical applications for DVD-RAM

Personal and digital video recorders
Loftier-terminate CCTV

Benefits of DVD-RAM

Read and write at the same time
Can exist rewritten to many more times than a traditional DVD-RW
Has write-protect tabs to forestall accidental deletion when used in an optional cartridge
Data is retained for an estimated 30 years. This long life is great for archiving information
Reliable writing of discs considering the verification done by the hardware, not by software

Drawbacks of DVD-RAM

Disc speeds college than 5x are less common
Less compatibility than DVD-RW

ROM

What is ROM?

ROM is a non-volatile retentiveness chip whose contents cannot be altered.

It is often used to shop the first upward routines in a computer (due east.g. the BIOS).

Typical applications for ROM

Storing the estimator'southward beginning up routine

USB Wink Memory

What is USB Wink Retentivity?

Flash are non-volatile solid state storage devices which employ NAND flash memories to shop information (millions of transistors).

USB refers to the USB connection that allows users to plug the device into the USB port of a reckoner.

Other types of flash storage include the memory cards used in digital cameras.

Flash retention comes in a variety of capacities to arrange about budgets and requirements.

Typical applications for flash retentivity

USB memory sticks – saving and transferring documents etc
Memory cards in digital cameras

Benefits of flash retentivity

Portable, small and lightweight
Durability, flash has no moving parts to damage
Range of capacities bachelor
Fast speeds, with no moving parts of boot up time

Drawbacks of wink retentivity

Limited (simply huge) number of write cycles possible
Really loftier capacities are uncommon
In relative terms, an expensive storage pick compared to a HDD

Our Cloud Calculating page explains all virtually the benefits and drawbacks of using the deject for storage or services.

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Source: https://www.computerscience.gcse.guru/theory/storage-devices